include <lpc214x.h>

include <string.h>//Includes LPC2148 register definitions

define PLOCK 0x00000400 // for PLL

define THRE (1<<5) // Transmit Holding Register Empty

define RDR (1<<0) // Receiver Data Ready

define MULVAL 15

define DIVADDVAL 1

define NEW_LINE 0xA // Character for new line .. analogus to '\n'

define ENTER 0xD // Ascii code for Enter

void initUART0(void); void U0Write(char data); char U0Read(void); void initClocks(void);

void setupPLL0(void); void feedSeq(void); void connectPLL0(void);

define DATA_PORT() IO0SET=(1<<16) //Function to select data port on LCD

define READ_DATA() IO0SET=(1<<17) //Function to select read operation on LCD

define EN_HI() IO0SET=(1<<18) //Function to Enable LCD

define COMMAND_PORT() IO0CLR=(1<<16) //Function to select command port on LCD

define WRITE_DATA() IO0CLR=(1<<17) //Function to select write operation on LCD

define EN_LOW() IO0CLR=(1<<18) //Function to disable LCD

void Delay(unsigned char j) {
unsigned int i; for(;j>0;j--) { for(i=0; i<60000; i++); } }

void Delay_Small(unsigned char j) { unsigned int i; for(;j>0;j--) { for(i=0; i<1000; i++); } }

unsigned char Busy_Wait() //This function checks the busy status of LCD { unsigned int temp=0; EN_LOW(); COMMAND_PORT(); READ_DATA();

IO0PIN&=0xFF87FFFF;
IO0DIR&=0xFF87FFFF; IO0PIN|=0x00400000;

do{ EN_HI(); EN_LOW(); EN_HI(); EN_LOW(); temp=IO0PIN; } while((temp & 0x00400000)==0x00400000); EN_LOW(); WRITE_DATA(); IO0DIR&=0xFF80FFFF; IO0DIR|=0x007F0000; return (0); }

void LCD_Command(unsigned int data) //This function is used to send LCD commands { unsigned int temp=0; EN_LOW(); COMMAND_PORT(); WRITE_DATA();

temp=data; //IO0PIN&=0xFF87FFFF; IO0PIN&=0x00010000; IO0PIN|=(temp & 0xF0) << 15;

EN_HI(); EN_LOW();

temp=data & 0x0F; //IO0PIN&=0xFF87FFFF; IO0PIN&=0x00010000; IO0PIN|=(temp) << 19;

EN_HI(); EN_LOW(); //while(Busy_Wait()); Delay(10); }

void LCD_Data(unsigned int data) //This function is used to send data to LCD { unsigned int temp=0; EN_LOW(); DATA_PORT(); WRITE_DATA();

temp=data; //IO0PIN&=0xFF87FFFF; IO0PIN&=0x00010000; IO0PIN|=(temp & 0xF0) << 15;

EN_HI(); EN_LOW();

temp=data & 0x0F;

//IO0PIN&=0xFF87FFFF; IO0PIN&=0x00870000; IO0PIN|=(temp) << 19;

EN_HI(); EN_LOW(); Delay_Small(1); }

void LCD_Init() { LCD_Command(0x02);
LCD_Command(0x28); LCD_Command(0x0C); LCD_Command(0x06); }

void LCD_String(unsigned char data) { while(data) { LCD_Data(*data); data++; } }

unsigned char str[32]=" "; unsigned char st1[32]=" "; unsigned char st2[32]=" ";

int i=0;

void palind(unsigned char *str) { int l = 0; int h = strlen(str) - 1; while (h > l) { if (str[l++] != str[h--]) { strcpy(st1,"NOT PALINDROME"); LCD_Init(); LCD_Command(0x01); Delay(20);

LCD_Command(0x80); LCD_String(&st1[0]); LCD_Command(0xC0); LCD_String(&st1[16]);

} else{ strcpy(st2,"PALINDROME"); LCD_Init(); LCD_Command(0x01); Delay(20);

LCD_Command(0x80); LCD_String(&st2[0]); LCD_Command(0xC0); LCD_String(&st2[16]); } } } int main(void) { PINSEL0 = 0x00000000; // Enable GPIO on all pins PINSEL1 = 0x00000000; PINSEL2 = 0x00000000;

Delay(20); IO0DIR = (1<<22) | (1<<21) | (1<<20) | (1<<19) | (1<<18) | (1<<17) | (1<<16); // Set P0.16, P0.17, P0.18, P0.19, P0.20, P0.21, P0.22 as Output initClocks(); // Set CCLK=60Mhz and PCLK=60Mhz initUART0();

while(1)
{ char c = U0Read(); // Read Data from Rx if( c == ENTER ) // Check if user pressed Enter key { U0Write(c); // Send New Line ASCII code change line break; } else { str[i]=c; i++; U0Write(c); // Write it to Tx to send it back } } LCD_Init(); LCD_Command(0x01); Delay(20);

LCD_Command(0x80); LCD_String(&str[0]); LCD_Command(0xC0); LCD_String(&str[16]);

palind(&str[0]);

return 0; }

void initUART0(void) { PINSEL0 = 0x5; / Select TxD for P0.0 and RxD for P0.1 / U0LCR = 3 | (1<<7) ; / 8 bits, no Parity, 1 Stop bit | DLAB set to 1 / U0DLL = 110; U0DLM = 1;
U0FDR = (MULVAL<<4) | DIVADDVAL; / MULVAL=15(bits - 7:4) , DIVADDVAL=0(bits - 3:0) / U0LCR &= 0x0F; // Set DLAB=0 to lock MULVAL and DIVADDVAL //BaudRate is now ~9600 and we are ready for UART communication! }

void U0Write(char data) { while ( !(U0LSR & THRE ) ); // wait till the THR is empty // now we can write to the Tx FIFO U0THR = data; }

char U0Read(void) { while( !(U0LSR & RDR ) ); // wait till any data arrives into Rx FIFO return U0RBR; }

void initClocks(void) { setupPLL0(); feedSeq(); //sequence for locking PLL to desired freq. connectPLL0(); feedSeq(); //sequence for connecting the PLL as system clock

//SysClock is now ticking @ 60Mhz!

VPBDIV = 0x01; // PCLK is same as CCLK i.e 60Mhz

//Using PLL settings as shown in : http://www.ocfreaks.com/lpc214x-pll-tutorial-for-cpu-and-peripheral-clock/ //PLL0 Now configured! }

//---------PLL Related Functions :---------------

void setupPLL0(void) { //Note : Assuming 12Mhz Xtal is connected to LPC2148.

PLL0CON = 0x01; // PPLE=1 & PPLC=0 so it will be enabled // but not connected after FEED sequence PLL0CFG = 0x24; // set the multipler to 5 (i.e actually 4) // i.e 12x5 = 60 Mhz (M - 1 = 4)!!! // Set P=2 since we want FCCO in range!!! // So , Assign PSEL =01 in PLL0CFG as per the table. }

void feedSeq(void) { PLL0FEED = 0xAA; PLL0FEED = 0x55; }

void connectPLL0(void) { // check whether PLL has locked on to the desired freq by reading the lock bit // in the PPL0STAT register

while( !( PLL0STAT & PLOCK ));

// now enable(again) and connect PLL0CON = 0x03; }

/////////Most repeated

include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

int mostFrequent(int* arr, int n) { // code here int maxcount = 0; int element_having_max_freq; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int count = 0; for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) { if (arr[i] == arr[j]) count++; }

    if (count > maxcount) {
        maxcount = count;
        element_having_max_freq = arr[i];
    }
}

return element_having_max_freq;

}

// Driver program int main() { int arr[] = { 40, 50, 30, 40, 50, 30, 30 }; int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]); cout << mostFrequent(arr, n); return 0; }

////////// // CPP program to find the least frequent element in an // array.

include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

int leastFrequent(int* arr, int n) { int mincount = INT_MAX; int element_having_min_freq; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int count = 0; for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) { if (arr[i] == arr[j]) count++; }

    if (count < mincount) {
        mincount = count;
        element_having_min_freq = arr[i];
    }
}

return element_having_min_freq;

}

// Driver program int main() { int arr[] = { 1, 3, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 1 }; int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]); cout << leastFrequent(arr, n); return 0; }

//max min

include <stdio.h>

include <string.h>

int main()
{
char string[] = "prasanth";
int i, j, min, max, length = strlen(string);
char minChar = string[0], maxChar = string[0];
int freq[length];

//Count each word in given string and store in array freq  
for(i = 0; i < length; i++) {  
    freq[i] = 1;  
    for(j = i+1; j < length; j++) {  
        if(string[i] == string[j] && string[i] != ' ' && string[i] != '0') {  
            freq[i]++;  

            //Set string[j] to 0 to avoid printing visited character  
            string[j] = '0';  
        }  
    }  
}  

//Determine minimum and maximum occurring characters  
min = max = freq[0];  
for(i = 0; i < length; i++) {  

    //If min is greater than frequency of a character   
    //then, store frequency in min and corresponding character in minChar  
    if(min > freq[i] && freq[i] != '0') {  
        min = freq[i];  
        minChar = string[i];  
    }  
    //If max is less than frequency of a character   
    //then, store frequency in max and corresponding character in maxChar  
    if(max < freq[i]) {  
        max = freq[i];  
        maxChar = string[i];  
    }  
}  

printf("Minimum occurring character: %c\n", minChar);  
printf("Maximum occurring character: %c", maxChar);  

return 0;

}